Balochistan has become one of the most important geopolitical regions in South Asia because of its strategic location, vast natural resources, and access to the Arabian Sea. It connects South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East, making it important for trade, energy, and security. The province is also central to the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which has increased the interest of regional and global powers. At the same time, the long-running Baloch insurgency has created serious security challenges for Pakistan and raised concerns about regional stability. This study examines the geopolitical importance of Balochistan by analysing the interests of Pakistan, China, India, Iran, Afghanistan, and the United States. It also explores how internal conflict, cross-border security issues, resource competition, and great-power rivalry shape developments in the region. The article uses qualitative research based on secondary sources, including academic literature, policy reports, and official documents. The study finds that Balochistan is not only a domestic security issue for Pakistan but also a key strategic space influencing Indo-Pacific politics, regional connectivity, maritime security, and economic competition. The paper argues that a lasting solution requires political dialogue, inclusive development, better governance, and regional cooperation rather than relying only on military measures.
Balochistan, Geopolitics, Pakistan, South Asia, CPEC, Indo-Paci?c, Regional Security, Great Power Competition.
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